An emergency medical device used when conventional intravenous access cannot be established. It allows doctors or healthcare professionals to directly infuse fluids or medications into the bone marrow. By utilizing the intraosseous vascular access within the bone by puncturing into the bone marrow cavity, allowing fluids to enter the circulatory system and enabling rapid resuscitation directly. This critical method is often employed in cardiac arrest, traumatic shock, or pediatric emergencies to quickly restore fluid and medication delivery.

The human respiratory system is responsible for the exchange of gases between the body and the external environment, delivering life-essential oxygen to various tissues and organs while removing carbon dioxide generated by metabolism. This process is mainly carried out through the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. It is one of the most critical basic functions for sustaining life. In anesthesia practice, ensuring airway patency and normal respiratory function is of vital importance.

Obstetrics and gynecology (OB/GYN) supplies refer to various disposable or limited-use items and instruments necessary for medical procedures during pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum recovery, as well as gynecological examinations, diagnostics, and surgeries. These supplies are diverse in type and widely applied to ensure the health and safety of mothers and newborns.

Scientific and effective wound care requires the precise selection of medical consumables based on the wound type and healing stage. Whether dealing with acute trauma or chronic ulcers, the rational use of wound care supplies not only reduces the risk of infection but also accelerates tissue repair and prevents complications. Starting from the basic understanding of common wound types, this document analyzes the professional consumables required during the care process, covering routine dressing change procedures, dressing selection strategies, and their core roles in promoting healing. Practical answers to common issues are also provided at the end.

Medical consumables refer to items that are easily consumed during medical procedures, typically for single-use or short-term application. These products cover a broad range and are directly used on patients during diagnostic, therapeutic, or surgical processes. They effectively prevent cross-infection, ensure operational safety and hygiene, and are indispensable auxiliary materials in daily healthcare.