Silicone Resuscitator

Introduction

Silicone resuscitator is a simple tool for artificial ventilation. Compared with mouth-to-mouth breathing, it has a higher oxygen supply concentration and is easy to operate. Especially when the patient is in critical condition and there is no time for tracheal intubation, a pressurized mask can be used to directly supply oxygen to the patient, so that the patient can get sufficient oxygen supply and improve tissue hypoxia.

Use scenario

1. Hospital emergency department

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation: used for patients with cardiac arrest or respiratory arrest, to assist in the recovery of spontaneous breathing and provide effective ventilation support for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

Rescue of accidental suffocation: used for airway obstruction, choking, etc., to deliver oxygen to the patient through manual resuscitation to keep the airway open.

Anesthesia recovery period: used for patients whose respiratory function has not fully recovered after anesthesia to help them recover spontaneous breathing.

2. Ambulance

First aid during transportation: During the transportation of patients from the accident site or home to the hospital, emergency personnel use resuscitators to provide oxygen support to patients.

Accident first aid: At the scene of a car accident, fall or other traumatic accident, it is used to assist patients with respiratory obstruction or suffocation and provide initial respiratory support.

3. Intensive Care Unit (ICU)

Respiratory support: When patients need short-term artificial ventilation, especially when the risk of ventilator intubation is high or intubation is not suitable, the resuscitator can temporarily provide artificial respiratory support.

Transition support: Help patients transition from mechanical ventilation to spontaneous breathing, especially for a period of time after extubation, to ensure smooth recovery of the respiratory system.

4. Home care

Chronic respiratory disease first aid: For patients with chronic respiratory diseases (such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD) who may have sudden dyspnea, family members can use the resuscitator at home after training as an emergency measure.

Home care: For some patients in the postoperative recovery period, the silicone resuscitator can be used as a short-term respiratory assistance device to help restore respiratory function.

Structural composition

Resuscitation ball: This is the main component of the resuscitator, which is used to generate positive pressure airflow to deliver air or oxygen to the patient. The resuscitation ball can control the amount and frequency of gas delivery by manual squeezing.

Mask: The mask is connected to the resuscitation ball and is used to seal the patient's mouth and nose to allow gas to enter the respiratory tract. Masks usually come in a variety of sizes to accommodate patients of different ages (adults, children, infants).

Inlet valve: Controls the entry and exit of gas to prevent the patient's exhaled gas from flowing back to the resuscitation ball.

One-way valve/safety valve: Ensures that gas can only flow in one direction and can limit the pressure of the gas to prevent damage to the patient. Some resuscitators also have an overpressure safety valve that can automatically exhaust when the gas pressure is too high.

Gas storage bag (oxygen storage bag): connected to the air inlet, stores and delivers oxygen, which can increase the oxygen concentration of the resuscitator, especially when the oxygen supply is limited.

Working principle

1. Preparation phase

The resuscitator connects the mask and oxygen storage bag, and ensures that each valve is working properly. The mask covers the patient's mouth and nose to ensure airtightness.

2. Inhalation phase (resuscitation ball compression)

Manual compression of the resuscitation ball: The medical staff manually squeezes the resuscitation ball, and the air or oxygen in the resuscitation ball is compressed and delivered to the mask through a one-way valve.

Gas enters the patient's respiratory tract: Because the mask is sealed with the patient's mouth and nose, the positive pressure airflow will enter the patient's trachea, helping his lungs to expand, thereby achieving inhalation.

3. Exhalation phase (resuscitation ball rebound)

Resuscitation ball rebounds: After the resuscitation ball is released, it quickly returns to its original state under the elastic action of the silicone, generating negative pressure.

Passive exhalation of the patient: The patient releases the gas in the lungs naturally through the respiratory tract, and the gas is discharged through the exhalation valve on the mask to prevent the patient's exhaled gas from entering the resuscitation ball.

Re-inflation of the resuscitation ball: As the resuscitation ball rebounds, the air inlet valve opens, and air or oxygen enters the resuscitation ball again, preparing for the next squeeze.

4. Oxygen concentration adjustment

Oxygen storage bag: If equipped with an oxygen storage bag, you can connect an oxygen source to ensure that a higher concentration of oxygen enters the patient's respiratory tract. The gas inhaled by the resuscitation ball from the oxygen storage bag is at a higher concentration (up to 95%), which is suitable for patients who need high concentrations of oxygen.

No oxygen storage bag: If there is no oxygen storage bag, the resuscitator directly inhales the surrounding air, and the oxygen concentration is about 21%-40%, which is suitable for ordinary first aid.

5. Safety function

Overpressure safety valve: Some resuscitators are equipped with an overpressure safety valve, which can automatically discharge part of the gas when the airflow pressure is too high to prevent damage to the patient's lungs.

One-way valve: Ensure that gas can only flow in one direction, prevent the patient's exhaled gas from flowing back into the resuscitation ball, and ensure that the gas in the resuscitator is clean.

How to use?

Check the equipment: Make sure that the resuscitation ball, mask, inlet valve and one-way valve of the resuscitator are intact, without leakage or blockage.

Choose a suitable mask: Choose a mask of the right size according to the patient's age and body size to ensure a good seal.

Connect the oxygen source: Connect the oxygen tube to the oxygen interface of the resuscitator and adjust the oxygen flow (usually 5-10 liters/minute) to increase the oxygen concentration.

Prepare the oxygen storage bag: If you are using a resuscitator with an oxygen storage bag, make sure the storage bag is filled with oxygen for standby use.

Keep the patient's airway open: Tilt the patient's head back appropriately to keep the airway open and avoid blocking the airway with the tongue.

Wear the mask correctly: Seal the mask to the patient's mouth and nose area to ensure no leakage. Press the upper part of the mask, fix the mask with the "C-shaped method", press the edge of the mask with the thumb and index finger, and support the patient's chin with the other fingers to help open the airway.

Manually squeeze the resuscitation ball: squeeze the resuscitation ball with appropriate force and frequency. Adults usually squeeze once every 5-6 seconds (about 10-12 times per minute), children squeeze once every 3-5 seconds (about 12-20 times per minute), and infants squeeze once every 2-3 seconds (about 20-30 times per minute).

Observe the chest rise and fall: observe whether the patient's chest rises each time you squeeze. If the chest rises, it means that the gas has successfully entered the lungs; if the chest does not rise, check whether the airway is unobstructed and the mask is sealed.

Adjust the pressure: The force of squeezing the resuscitation ball should be moderate to avoid excessive pressure causing lung damage to the patient.

Monitor patient response: Observe the patient's skin color, chest rise and fall, and spontaneous breathing recovery. If the patient has spontaneous breathing or the complexion improves, the squeezing frequency can be appropriately slowed down or the resuscitator can be stopped.

Use a safety valve: Some resuscitators are equipped with an overpressure safety valve to prevent damage caused by excessive air pressure. Make sure the safety valve is functioning properly.

Replace equipment when necessary: If the resuscitator is faulty or the mask seal is poor, replace other emergency equipment in time.

Cleaning and disinfection (applicable to reusable resuscitators): After each use, the resuscitator should be thoroughly cleaned and disinfected as required to prevent cross infection.

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